Elementary Line Exercises

All lines should be drawn on double the scale shown in this work. Lack of space makes great reduction necessary.

Lines should be drawn as heavy as those immediately below.

Contrasting Light Exercise – A and B in Fig. 9 are further examples of the contrast effected by varying directions of the light. In the former, the sun is somewhere behind the background; in the latter, the sun is behind the spectator. These examples are excellent as exercises in pen and ink.

Fig. 10 is another instance of light and shade. contrast. It is intended as a pen exercise. Note the foliage drawn in groups of little parallel lines used to produce the effect of individual leaves. These should be drawn with quick lines.

Exercise in Quick Lines – Fig. 11 is an instance where the desired effect could hardly be secured without the use of quick lines. The swirling, rushing appearance of the rapid flowing waters is produced by swift strokes of the pen firmly controlled. Make careful pencil sketch of this or something similar and see what you can produce in this effective style.

Wavy Line Exercises – Practice the pen lines in Figs. 13, 14 and 15; each exercise on paper about four inches square. The lower right-hand copy by means of a stub pen or one blunted by long use.